Cu-Al-Mn合金的低温形状记忆效应与晶体结构的关系

Relationship between shape memory effect at low temperature and microstructure of Cu-Al-Mn alloy

利用自制的合金低温特性测量装置研究马氏体相变温度Ms为100 K左右的Cu-Al-Mn低温形状记忆合金的形状记忆性能,并采用X射线衍射仪、光学显微镜和扫描电镜等研究其微观结构。结果表明:Cu-Al-Mn合金具有良好的形状记忆性能,其XRD谱中除含β相的衍射峰外没有其他相的衍射峰,并且有序度越高,合金的形状记忆性能越好;其它相的析出尤其是α(Cu)相的大量析出使得合金的形状记忆性能变差;在Cu-Al-Mn合金中,随着Mn和Al含量的增加,其马氏体相变温度降低。

The shape memory effect of Cu-Al-Mn alloy with shape memory effect at Ms temperature of about 100 K was investigated by a self-made. XRD, OM and SEM were used to the microstructure of this alloy. The results show that only the peaks of β phase exist in the XRD patterns of Cu-Al-Mn alloy with good shape memory effect, and the alloy with higher degree of order has better shape memory effect. The alloy would have no shape memory effect if there are a number of α phases in it. Increase of Mn and Al content in the alloy will result in a decrease of Ms temperature.