海底管道溢油防控措施

Measures to Prevent and Control Oil Spill of Submarine Oil Pipelines

从设计、防腐、人为和自然因素等方面分析了海底管道的溢油原因,指出应加强在役海底管道的承压能力及管体与海底相对位置的定期检测,采取有效的机械损伤预防措施,必须考虑管道的路由、埋深、壁厚、防护覆盖层、水动力条件及泄漏检测系统的合理配置等因素,优化新建和预建海底管道的设计和施工。提出了建立HSE管理体系和溢油应急组织、加强区域协作等海底管道溢油的防控管理和技术措施。介绍了水上焊接修复法及水下不同方式的管道修复方法。

The cause of oil spill of submarine oil pipelines is analyzed from design, anti-corrosion, human and natural factors. It is pointed out that periodical inspection shall be enhanced to the bearing capacity of the submarine oil pipeline and relative location of pipe body to sea bed. When effective measures to prevent mechanical failure is planned,pipeline route,buried depth, wall thickness, coating, hydrodynamic regime as well as allocation of leakage detection system shall be taken into account to optimistically design and construct newly-build and/or planed submarine oil pipelines. Technologies for establishing HSE system and emergency respond to oil spills,enhancing regional cooperation in preventing and controlling oil spills for sumarine oil pipelines are presented in the paper. Different repair methods of submarine oil pipelines such as above-water welding technique and under-water repair method are introduced meanwhile.