成年男性服刑人员心理健康状况研究

Status of mental health among adult male criminals

目的分析成年男性服刑人员心理健康状况,各影响因素与心理健康状况的关系,为教育改造服刑人员提供心理学依据。方法选取泰安市某监狱正在服刑的男性人员420人作为实验组,收回有效问卷374份。选取泰安市辖区内城乡男性居民386人,作为对照人群,收回有效问卷338份。采用精神症状自评量表(SCL-90)评价服刑人员心理健康状况。结果服刑人员各项因子得分均高于对照组(P<0.01),心理问题的总检出率为55.08%,其中有44.39%的服刑人员心理问题与常模相比,达到了异常或严重(Z>2)的程度。未婚服刑人员强迫症状因子得分高于有婚姻史者,敌对因子得分高于离异丧偶者(P<0.05)。已服刑时间超过60个月者,在总分、抑郁、精神病性等因子得分方面显著高于已服刑时间少于12个月者(P<0.05)。结论男性服刑人员心理健康存在明显异常,服刑时间对心理健康问题有影响。

Objective To analyse the status of mental health and the relationship between mental health and influencing factors among male adult criminals under different condition,to provide psychological evidence for reforming criminals.Methods 420 male offenders serving a sentence in Taian City were selected.374 of them were valid respondents.386 male urban residents were selected in Taian City as the control group.There were 338 valid questionnaires.Mental health of criminals were evaluated by SCL-90 scales.Results The scores of the criminals were higher than those of the national norm indicators（control group）.The overall detection rate of psychological problems was 55.08%.44.39% in the group with psychological problems compared with the normal,reached a very serious level（Z〉2）.The unmarried criminals had higher scores on compulsive symptom factor than those of married,and also got higher scores on hostile factor than those of divorced or widowed.Criminals who served more than 60 months got obviously higher scores in the total scores,equally positive symptoms,depression,and psychotic factors than those served less than 12 months.Conclusion There were significant abnormality among male adult criminals.Metal health of criminals in prison could not be ignored.