作为节奏和冒险的艺术——对杜威艺术哲学的一个研究

Art as Rhythm and Risk:An Investigation on John Dewey's Philosophy of Art

在杜威那里,作为有机体与环境之间相互作用的经验,意味着做和受的完整过程。现在,过多的做扰乱了做和受的关系。这使得我们对艺术的经验变得松弛和散漫。要改变这种状况,必须恢复经验的节奏。节奏意味着压缩和释放的交替。进一步地,在艺术的节奏下面,是活的生物与其环境之间关系的基本模式。循此,一件艺术作品本身既是一个整体,同时又属于另一个更大的整体,这就是我们生活于其中的宇宙。这样,我们就冒险地进入这个更大的整体之中。这种冒险没有终点,因为这个整体的边缘随着我们的冒险而向远处消退。然而,冒险本身见证了有机体的活力,见证了他与环境的相互作用。

According to John Dewey, experience, as the interaction between organism and environment, means a whole process of doing and undergoing. But an excess of doing has disordered this process now. As a result, what we get from art is not an experience but something slack and discursive. This could be changed only by the rhythm of experience. Rhythm means the alternation of compressions and releases. Moreover, underneath the rhythm of art there lies the basic pattern of the relations of the live creature to its environment. Thus a work of art is a whole itself and belongs to a larger whole. The latter is the universe in which we live. And we take a risk in entering into this larger whole. There is not a terminus to this risk because the margins of the whole fade with our risk. However, the risk itself shows the vigor of organism and the interaction between it and the environment.