三维压差式矢量水听器定向性能分析

Analysis of bearing estimation performance with three-dimensional pressure-gradient vector hydrophone

由于压差式矢量水听器是通过声压梯度来近似测量质点的振速,因此声场计算误差必将影响其定向精度。从理论上对三维压差式矢量水听器定向性能进行了分析,推导了由声场计算误差引入的目标俯仰角和方位角误差公式。此外,利用平均声强流定向算法,通过仿真详细分析了矢量水听器各阵元幅度和相位不一致、阵元间距、积分时间和信噪比等因素对目标定向精度的影响。仿真结果对三维压差式矢量水听器的制作及实际工程应用均有指导意义。

Pressure-gradient vector hydrophone measures particle velocity by sound pressure gradient, so the acoustic field error of computation are bound to affect the accuracy of bearing estimation performance. In this paper, three-dimension pressure-gradient vector hydrophone is analyzed theoretically, and the error formulation of azimuths and elevation with the sound field computing error is calculated. In exception, with the method of the sound intensity flow bearing estimation principles using sound pressure and particle vibration velocity, the bearing estimation error is analyzed by simulation ,which is due to the inconsistency of responses of amplitude,phase and intervals among the six pressure hydrophones that constitute vector hydrophone. The simulation results is very important to design the three-dimension pressure-gradient vector hydrophone and practical engineering application.