赣豆4号的选育及栽培技术

Breeding and Cultivation Techniques of Gandou No.4

“赣豆４号”（原代号赣８３－６０）系江西的中熟春大豆“六月白”与从福建引进夏大豆“融豆２１”杂交，经多年选育而成的大豆新品种。该品种具有高产、优质、抗逆性强、适应性广的特点，经省区试鉴定，适应全省各地区种植，属春大豆类型。中熟，全生育期９５ｄ，株高５０～６０ｃｍ，株型紧凑，茎秆粗壮，有限结荚习性，结荚高度１５ｃｍ左右，单株结荚２５～３０个，单株生产力９～１０ｇ。叶片大小中等，叶色深绿。花白色，荚果茸毛棕色，成熟后呈褐色，不易裂荚。每荚粒数２～３粒，籽粒椭圆，种皮黄色有光泽，脐褐色，百粒重１８～２０ｇ，粗蛋白质达４５．３％，脂肪含量为１８．６８％。１９９１～１９９４年参加江西省预试和区试平均产量达１９３８．６８ｋｇ／ｈｍ２，比ＣＫ（矮脚早）增产１１．１％，居第一位，１９９３～１９９５年生产示范平均产量１９７８．１ｋｇ／ｈｍ２。通过Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ及密度试验对该品种的综合研究、筛选出了三种高产高效最佳栽培模式。１９９６年通过江西省农作物品种审定委员会审定。

“Gandou No.4” is the new variety which Liuyuebai intercrossed with Rongdou 21. It was characterized by high yield, good quality. stress tolerance and broad adapatability. The results of provincial regional tests showed that it belongs to spring soybean with the whole growth duration of 95 days and plant height ranging from 50 to 60 cm, and it suitable to be planted in different soybean growing areas in Jiangxi province. This soybean variety has compact plant type, average-sized and dark green leaves, strong stems and white flowers. Other characteristics are as follows: Determinate type of podding, 15 cm height of bottom pod, 25～30 pods per plant, 2～3 seeds per pod, oval seeds, 18～20 g weight of 100 seeds, 9～10 g yield per plant, brown pubescence after maturity, yellow skin of seeds with lustre, brown navel, resistance to pod cracking. The raw protein and oil were also analysed with its content of 45.3%,18.6%. In regional tests of Jiangxi province in 1991～1994, its average yield reached 1938.68 kg/hm 2, an increase by 11.1% over that of CK(AiJiaozao), coming in the first of all tested varieties. According to the demonstrational tests in 1993～1995, the average yield was 1978.1 kg/hm 2. Meanwhile, three kinds of combinational cultivation schemes were established after cultivation tests with N, P, K and density. This new variety was officially registered in Jiangxi province in 1996.