中相微乳液脱除含油污泥中原油的研究

Study on removing the oil in oily sludge using middle-phase emulsion

应用自制的ω,ω′-二氯代二甘醇醚,与壬基酚反应,生成二甘醇-4,4′-二壬基酚醚,然后将其磺化、中和,生成了最终目标产物二甘醇-4,4′-二壬基酚醚二磺酸钠.用红外谱图对其结构进行了表征;用两相滴定法测定了其有效质量分数为82.66%,用电导法测定了其CMC为0.316mmol/L.基于正交试验设计,确定了中相微乳液的最佳组成:m(表面活性剂)为0.31g,V(正已醇)为0.06mL,m(NaCl)为0.10g,蒸馏水(水相)5mL,正庚烷(油相)5mL.应用最佳配比的中相微乳液进行了含油污泥中原油脱除实验,探讨了脱油温度、脱油时间以及含油污泥处理量对含油污泥中原油脱除率的影响.结果表明:用上述最佳组成的中相微乳液10mL,含油污泥处理量3.5g,处理时间30min,处理温度27℃(即室温),脱油率大于94%.且随温度的升高,时间的加长,处理油泥质量的减小,脱油率都有一定的增加,最佳条件下含油污泥中原油脱除率可达99.30%.

Diethylene glycol-4,4′-dinonylphenylether is synthesized by means of the reaction of self-prepared nonylphenol with ω,ω′-dichlorodiethyleneglycol ether.Diethylene glycol-4,4′-dinonylphenylether disulfonate is prepared through the sulfonation and neutralization of diethylene glycol-4,4′-dinonylphenylether.Their structures are characterized by elemental analysis and infrared spectrogram.The content of Diethylene glycol-4,4′-dinonylphenylether disulfonate in the product is determined by two-phase titration,and it is above 82.66%.The critical micelle concentration (CMC) in aqueous solution at 22 ℃ is measured by the conductive method,and it is 0.316 mmol/L.Based on orthogonal experiments,the best composition of the middle-phase microemulsion is ionic surfactant of 0.31 g,hexanol of 0.06 mL,NaCl of 0.10 g,distilled water of 5 mL,normal heptane of 5 mL.The best composition of the middle-phase microemulsion is applied to removing the oil in oily sludge.The influences of experimental temperature,treatment time and the amount of oily sludge on the removal efficiency of the oil are researched.It is found that the removal efficiency can be up to 94% under the optimum conditions of the middle-phase microemulsion with the best composition of 10 mL,treatment time of 30 min and oily sludge of 3.5 g,treating temperature 27 ℃.The results show that the removal efficiency can be up to 99.30% while the treatment time is prolonged,the experiment temperature is increased and the amount of oily sludge is decreased.