杂交早稻主要性状与产量的分析和研究

Analysis and Study on Main Traits in Early Hybrid Rice

通过１５个杂交早稻组合生育期、单穴有效穗、每穗总粒数、结实率、千粒重对产量的回归、相关和通径分析［１，２］，认为影响杂交早稻产量的最重要因子为有效穗，其次是每穗总粒数和生育期。本文提出杂交早稻组合应符合“足穗、适粒和中熟”的要求。具体是：分蘖力强，有效穗多（单穴有效穗１０个以上），穗型中等偏大（每穗总粒数１２５粒左右），全生育期１１５ｄ结实率８０％以上，千粒重２６ｇ左右。

Multiple regression, partial correlation and path analysis between fire main traits and yield from 15 early hybrid combinations were conducted. The results showed that effective panicle per hill is the most important facter(r 2y =0.9532 ** ,P 2→y =0.9154) and the following facters are larger grains per panicle(r 3y =0.8529 ** ,P 3→y =0.8003) and growth period(r 1y =0.7948 *,P 1→y =0.7493). Therefore, the following characteristics are essential for a good early hybrid combination: enough effective panicles(over 3 million effective panicles per hectare), optimum grains(125 grains per panicle) and middle growth duration(growth period 115 days).