林-农-牧良性循环机制及技术研究

Studies on the Mechanism and Technique of Good Circles Among Forestry, Agriculture and Animal Husbandry

籽粒苋（Ｇｒａｉｎａｍａｒａｎｔｈ）是一种优质蛋白饲料资源，具有营养丰富，抗逆性强，产量高，用途广的优良特性。本项研究将其作为林、农、牧业之间的衔接纽带引入林地或果园种植，在林地（果园）、籽粒苋、养殖业、沼气、肥料、林（果）木诸因素之间组建了一种物质和能量多级利用的循环模式。即利用幼林和果园间隙，间种籽粒苋；籽粒苋作青饲用来喂禽畜（猪、鸡、兔、鸭、羊、鱼等）发展养殖业；禽畜粪便入沼气池产生沼气，提供生活能源；产生的沼肥（发酵肥）再返回林地和果园肥地，如此形成良性循环。研究结果表明，这种循环形成了林－农－牧结合的稳定复合生态系统，促进了林木生长和养殖业发展，改善了林地小气候，发挥了土壤潜能，产生了较好的生态、经济、社会效益，符合生态、经济规律和持续发展要求，具有高效益，少污染，能耗少，利用率高的特点。

Grain amaranth is a kind of high-quality protein feed resource with such advantages as high nutrient value, vigorous resistence, high yield and wide used, etc. As a link of forestry, agriculture and animal husbandry, it was introduced to forest land or orchards in the research. A circular pattern of multifarious utilization of material and energy was formed by the link among grain amaranth, breeding, marsh gas, manure, forests, etc. Namely, on the interval land in young forests and orchards grain amaranth was intercropped which could be used as greenfeed for such domestic animals and poultry as pigs, chickens, rabbits, ducks, sheep and fish etc. The excrements of the domestic animals and poultry could produce marsh gas in the methane-generating pit to provide energy resource for daily life. The marshy manure (fermented manure) from the excrements went back to forest and orchard land, which formed a good circle. The research results showed that the pattern constituted a stable complex ecosystem, stimulated the development of woods and breeding, improved the climate in forests, made good use of soil and consequently benefited economy, ecology and society. Better benefits, less pollution, less consumption and high utilization ratio are the characters of pattern.