杀虫杀螨剂对草菇菌丝生长的影响

Effect of Several Insecticide-Acaricide on the Growth of Volvariella volvacea Hyphae

采用修正的琼脂玻皿法研究了四种杀虫杀螨剂对草菇菌丝生长的影响.结果表明,不同药剂对草菇菌丝生长的影响程度存在着显著差异.其中敌敌畏对草菇菌丝生长的影响最大,其平均抑制率为-65.55%;中西溴氟菊酯影响最小,平均抑制率为-11.40%,且在25.00×10^(-6)和20.00×10^(-6)的低浓度下对草菇菌丝的生长还有促进作用,促进率分别为+11.25%和+17.75%;灭螨灵和氯氰菊酯的平均抑制率分别为-29.20%和-29.60%.药剂的浓度与草菇菌丝的生长率成显著或极显著的负相关,即草菇菌丝的生长率随药剂处理浓度的增大而降低.本研究结果还表明,药剂对草菇菌丝生长的影响不仅表现在生长率上,还表现在草菇菌丝密度、分枝次数、厚垣孢子数量及菌丝色泽上.

Modified agar culture-dish method was used to study the effect of several insecticide-acaricide on the growth of Volvariella volvacea hyphae. The results showed that the effect degrees of different kinds of agricultural chemicals on the growth of Volvariella volvacea hyphae differed significantly. It was proved that dichlorvos (DDV) had the strongest effect, its average inhibitory rate was ?5.55 %; and bromofluthrinate had the least effect with an average inhibitory rate of ?11.40% and a promotion function on the growth of Volvarella volvacea hyphae under low concentrations of 25.00?0^(4) and 20.00?0^(4) with the promotion rates being +11.25 % and +17.75 % resp., and that the average inhibitory rates of fenproximate and cypermethrim were - 29.20 % and ?29.60% respectively. The concentration of pesticides was significantly, most-signif-icantly or negatively correlated with the growth rate of Volvariella volvacea hyphae. The results also showed that the effect of agricultural chemicals on the growth of Volvariella volvacea hyphae was not only expressed in the growth rate of hyphae, but also in the density, the branches, the pure white degree of hyphae and in the quantities of chlamydospore.