应用极大似然法分析质量—数量性状的遗传及计算机软件

Application of Maximum Likelihood Method to Genetic Analysis on Qualitative quantitative Traits and Computer of Tware

简述了应用极大似然法分析质量—数量性状遗传５种假设测验的原理和统计方法，编制了根据Ｆ２代分离群体进行遗传分析的计算机软件，并给出了以兼容３８６、ＱｕｉｃｋＢａｓｉｃ为硬、软件环境的ＱＢａｓｉｃ原程序。以大麦一个杂交组合的Ｆ２代穗下节长资料为例，演示了该软件的分析过程。结果表明，该组合的穗下节长涉及一个主基因和一组微效基因，主基因杂合体为不完全负显性；微效基因方差为３４．５３ｃｍ２，环境方差为１０．２３ｃｍ２。

This paper expounds the principle and statistics of maximum likelihood method applied to the genetic analysis of qualitative quantitative traits(five hypotheses tests),complies the genetic analysis computer software according to F 2 segregation in F 2 generation and gives out QBasic program being compatible 386 and QuickBasic as hard software surroundings.An example of spike length for an F 2 generation in a cross of barley is used for the demonstration of the software analysis.The results indicate that the genetic difference of spike length in this cross relates to one major gene and a group of polygenes;Heterozygote of the major gene shows incomplete negative daminance;Polygenic variance is estimated as 34.53 cm 2 and environmental variance as 10.23 cm 2.