籼型杂种稻米品质性状的表现及其与亲本的关系

PERFORMANCE OF QUALITY CHARACTERS IN INDICA HYBRID RICE AND THE RELATIONSHIP WITH THEIR PARENTS

研究了３个不育系和１０个恢复系配组的３０个杂种Ｆ１植株上的Ｆ２种子及其亲本的７个稻米品质性状。结果表明：（１）杂种稻米各品质性状的表现普遍介于双亲之间，除粒宽这一性状表现一定的超中亲的优势外，其余６个性状平均表现为双亲中值。但在不同类型的亲本组合间稍有不同。因此，一般来说，双亲均优质时可育出优质的杂交稻。（２）杂种的完整精米率、粒宽、糊化温度３个性状与不育系达显著或极显著正相关；杂种的粒长、粒宽、糊化温度和直链淀粉含量４个性状与恢复系达显著或极显著正相关；杂种的粒长、粒宽、直链淀粉含量３个性状与中亲值达极显著正相关。

quality characters, head rice recovery, grain length(GL), grain width(GW), chalkiness, gelatinization temperature(GT), amylose content(AC), gel consistency(GC) of hybrid rice were studied with 30 crosses, from 3 sterile lines mated with 10 restorers by NC Ⅱ design The results showed that: (1) In general, the performance of hybrid rice in each quality character was in the middle of both parents No difference was found between hybrid rice and mid parent value in each character except that grain width of hybrid rice exceeded mid parent value very significantly But it is different in different characters and crosses Consequently, it may be reasonable to breed high quality hybrid rice when both parents are all superior varieties (2) Significant or very significant correlation were found not only between hybrid rice and sterile lines in head rice recovery, GW and GT, but between hybrid rice and restorer in GL, GW and AC The correlation between hybrid rice and mid parent value was also very significant in GL, GW and AC These results will be useful for breeding high quality hybrid rice