资本手段与人的道德责任

The Means of Capital and Moral Duties of Man

资本本身并不是具有道德属性的社会实体,而只是被人们用来实现其目的的经济工具。资本的掌管者在处理资本增值对他人与社会的影响时所具有的道德属性,赋予资本运行过程之中,从而使资本被承载了道德属性。资本追求价值增殖的行为与结果既可能符合道德,也可能危害道德,这种道德上的结果取决于支配资本的人们的主观目的与社会发展的客观需要是否一致。谁对资本运行方式的支配权力越大,能够支配的社会资源越多,对社会上他人发挥的影响就越大,因而所负的道德责任也就越大,谁就越应当受到社会道德与法律的制约。这是一条处理资本与道德关系的基本准则。

Capital is not a social entity with morality, but an means for achieving economic purpose. Capitalists, as capital personification, have their own morality. Capital＇s proliferation maybe conform to or deviate from morals, which rests with the relationship between capitalists＇ subjective purposes and social demands. If capitalists＇ purposes are identifcal with social objective demands, capital＇s movement will be in keeping with social regulations, if not, capital＇s augmentation will be harmful to morals and social interests. As a result, those capitalists who are operating capital proliferation must be conditioned through morals, regulations and rules in legal system. This is the basic law to deal with the relationship between capital and morality.