基于银川地区水质的空心菜营养液配方筛选研究

Optimization of nutritional ration for Ipomoea aquatica Forsk growth based on the water quality of Yinchuan plain

应用四元二次通用旋转组合设计,采用DFT无土栽培,在二代节能日光温室内研究了营养液配方中的NO3--N、P、K、Ca的摩尔浓度对空心菜生长的影响,得到了二者之间的回归方程,并进行了方差分析。结果表明:四个元素对空心菜产量的影响大小顺序是:氮>钾>磷>钙;通过对方程的解析,得到空心菜氮与钾的交互效应在较低水平时有一定的正相关关系,在较高水平时存在着一定的负相关关系;通过计算机模拟寻优,空心菜达到单株最高产量108.81 g时,NO3-N、P、K、Ca 4个因子营养液的最优配方为:9、0.5、4.5和4.0 mmol/L。

The comprehensive effects of NO3^--N,P,K and Ca concentrations on growth of Ipomoea aquatica Forsk were studied by means of quadratic general rotational design under Deep Flow Technique（DFT） culture in energy saving greenhouse.The results calculated from regression equation between yield and the four element concentrations showed that the contribution to yield of Ipomoea aquatica Forsk was in the order of nitric-N（NO^3--N）〉potassium（K）〉phosphorus（P）〉calcium（Ca）.The interaction effect on yield between N and K was found significant which appeared in a positive correlation at lower level concentration and in a negative correlation at higher level concentration.The optimal ration of N,P,K and Ca for highest yield of individual Ipomoea aquatica Forsk（108.81 g） was calculated by computer to be 9.0,0.5,4.5 and 4.0 mmol/L,respectively.The verification experiment showed that the growth,root vigor,yield,nutrient content and quality of Ipomoea aquatica Forsk in the optimized nutrient ration were all excelled those of the control.