1Vignali A, Gianotti L, Braga M, et al. Altered microperfusion at the rectal stump is predictive for rectal anastomotic leak [ J ]. Dis Colon Rectum,2000,43( 1 ) :76-82.
2Verdant C, De Backer D. How mornitoring of the microcirculafion may help us at the bedside[ J]. Curr Opin Crit Care,2005,11 (3) :240-244.
3Kudsk KA. Evidence for conservative administration following elective surgery[ J]. Ann Surg,2003,238 (5) : 649-650.
4Hebert PC,Wells G, Blajchman MA, et al. A multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial of transfusion requirement in critical care. Transfusion requirements in critical care investigators [ J ]. Canadian critical care trial group. N Engl J Med,1999,340(6) :409-417.
5Cochrane Injuries Group Albumin Reviewers. Human albumin administration in critically ill patients: systematic review of randomized controlled trlals[J]. BMJ,1998,317(7153) :235-240.
6Boldt J, Miiller M, Mentges D, et al. Volume therapy in the critically, ill: is there a difference[ J] ? Intensive Care Med, 1998,24( 1 ) :28-36.
7Finfer S, Bellomo R, Bovee N, et al. A comparison of albumin and saline for fluid resuscitation in the intensive care unit [ J ]. N Engl J Med, 2004,350 ( 22 ) :2247 -2256.
8Rivers E, Nguyan B, Harstad S, et al. Early goal - directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock [ J]. N Engl J Med, 2001,345 (19) : 1368-1377.
2FENG X,YAN W,LIU X,et al.Effects ofhydroxyethyl starch 130 /0.4 on pulmonary leakage and cytokines production and NF-kappaB activation in CLP-induced sepsis in rats[J].J Surg Res,2006,135(1):129-136.
3NEFF T A,DOELBERG M,JUNGHEINRICH C,et al.Repetitive large-dose in-fusion of the novel hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 in patientswith severe head injury[J].AnesthAnalg,2003,96(5):1453-1459.
4LEUSCHNER J,OPITZ J,WINKLER A,et al.Tissue storage of 14C-lablled hydroxyethyl starch(HES)130/0.4 and HES 200 /0.5 after repeated intravenous administration to rats[J].Drugs RD,2003,4(6):331-338.
5BOLDT J,SCHOLHORN T,MAYER J,et al.The value of an Albumin-Based intravascular volume.replacement strategy in elderly patients undergoing major abdominal surgery[J].Anesth Analg,2006,103(1):191-199.
6BOLDT J,DUCKE M,KUMLE B,et al.Influence of different volume replacement strategies on inflammation and endothelial activationin the elderly undergoing major abdominal surgery[J].Intensive Care Med,2004,30(3):416-422.
7FINFER S,BELLOMO R,BOVCE N,et al.A comparison ofalbumin and saline for fluid resuscitation in the intensive care unit[J].N Engl J Med,2004,350(22):2247-2256.
8RIVERS E,NGUYAN B,HARSTAD S,et al.Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock[J].N Engl J Med,2001,345(19):1368-1377.
9JAMES M F,LATOO M Y,MYTHEN M G,et al.Plasma volume changes associated with two hydroxyethyl starch colloids following acute hy-povolaemia in volunteers[J].Anaesthesia,2004,59(8):738-742.
10PALUMBOL D,SERVILLO G D,AMATO L,et al.The effects of hydroxyeth-yl starch slolution in critically ill patients[J].Minerva Anestesiol,2006,72(7/8):655-664.