接收天线等效电路的严格推导

Rigorous Derivation of the Equivalent Circuit for Receiving Antenna

从场的观点出发,利用"反应"概念并结合互易定理严格证明了接收天线可以等效为传统基于开路电压的等效模型,并指出了当电场分别与接收模式下和发射模式下的电流作反应时,将得到不同的等效电路参数;结合偶极子天线的数值例子,说明了传统的开路电压模型在接收系统的分析中更为方便、合理。

An equivalent circuit for receiving antennas, which is composed of open-circuit voltage source and radiation impedance, is derived rigorously from electromagnetic boundary conditions based both on reciprocity theorem and the concept of reaction. The parameters of the equivalent circuit are related to the selected current distribution reacted with the electric field. Illuminated by the numerical example of a dipole, it shows that the equivalent circuit with open-circuit voltage source has a clear physical meaning and it is more suitable in the analysis of receiving systems.