论保证的独立性

On the Independence of Suretyship

保证是以保证人的一般财产而设定的、用一个合同去担保另一个合同(主债务)的履行之担保方式,有一定的独立性。我国民法理论和方法强调并突出了保证的从属性和补充性,一定程度上忽视了其独立性。保证的独立性表现为保证的成立、内容、效力、保证人的抗辨权、担保等方面。强调保证的独立性,有利于扩大保证范围、有利于实现债权、有利于与国际惯例接轨。

The suretyship is a form of guaranty, in which the performance of a contract （principal obligation） is guaranteed by entering into a suretyship contract on the surety＇ s general property. The suretyship is independent in some way ,which is neglected to some extent by our theory and legislation which mainly focuses on its dependence on the principal contract. In this paper,the authors analyze the independence of the suretyship from such aspects as the development of the suretyship, its conclusion and content, the scope of the suretyship guaranty, causes leading to the alteration or effect of the suretyship, the surety＇ s right of defense, etc. and point out the theoretical and practical significance of stressing the independence of the suretyship.