摘要
对话句中的动词今天只用"说"、"对(告诉)……说",口头常用"讲",书面偶用"道"。古汉语常用"曰、云、说、道"及"谓(言、语)……曰"等。还有专用的"问……曰","答"、"答(应)……曰"、"答(对、应)曰"、"告……曰"等。它们各有其特点和用法。先秦一般用"曰"及"谓(言、语)……曰"等。"云"用于对话句出现在汉代,"说"在魏晋,"道"直到晚唐五代才出现。到了明清,在白话小说中,"道、说、说道"完全取代了"曰"等,"对(告诉)……道(说、说道)"取代了上古常用的复式形式。
In the dialogue sentence ,verb only uses "Shuo ( 说)"," Dui (对) DaiSu (告诉) Shuo (说)", oral is commonly used"Jiang (讲)", The written language occasionally uses "Dao (道)".The ancient Chinese is commonly used "Yue (曰),Yuen (云), Shuo ( 说) ,Dao (道 )"and "Wei(谓)(Yan,言 ,Yu 语) Yue (曰) "and so on. Also has special-purpose "asked"Wen ( 问) Yue(曰)","Da (答)","Da (答) (Ying应 )…… Yue( 曰 )","Da (答)Dui(对 ) ,Ying (应)Yue(曰)" ,"Gao (告)…… Yue( 曰 )"and so on. They respectively have its characteristic and the usage. The pre-qingenerally uses "Yue (曰)" and "Wei (谓)(Yan 言,Yu 语 )and soon."Yuen (云)"uses in to converse the sentence to appear in the HanDai (汉代),"Shuo (说)" in the Wei Jin( 魏晋 ), "Dao(道)"appears until the late Tang Wudai(唐五代)of talents. To Ming(明) and Qing(清) Dynasties, in the vernacular novel, "Dao (道)" ," Shuo ( 说 )" ," ShuoDao ( 说道)" completely substituted "Yue ( 曰 ) "and soon,"Dui ( 对) DaiSu (告诉)…… Dao (道), Shuo (说), ShuoDao (说道)"has substituted for the antiquity commonly used. K
出处
《云梦学刊》
2008年第4期130-133,共4页
Journal of Yunmeng
关键词
曰/答类动词
类型
特点
演变
Yue( 曰 )/Da(答 ) a kind of verb
Type
Characteristic
Evolution