经济组织多样性的原因——基于交易费用与演化博弈论范式的比较分析

Reasons for the Diversity of Economic Organizations

交易费用理论认为组织的多样性主要来源于交易的多样性,而交易的性质是由资产专用性、交易的频率和不确定性三个维度所决定的。演化博弈理论认为组织的多样性来源于博弈过程的多重均衡,这种多重性来源于两个方面,一是博弈过程本身所具有的多重均衡性,二是博弈所处的环境的复杂性,即博弈所处的域的多样性。任何一个经济组织都有其特定的主体结构、客体结构,而且其所处的具体的环境也对组织产生重要的影响,研究任何一种经济组织都需要对这三个方面的特征做出说明。

Transaction cost theory holds that the diversity of organizations lies in the diversity of transactions. The nature of transaction is determined by three dimensions： the special purpose of assets, frequency of transactions and uncertainty of transactions. The evolution gaming theory argues that the diversity of organizations results from the multi-equilibrium, which are determined by two aspects： the first one is the multi-equilibrium of the gaming itself; and the other is the complexity of the gaming environment. Every organization has its special subject structure, object structure and the environment where it exists will generate critical influence. Therefore, in the study of all economic organizations the features of the above three aspects have to be described.