永年县典型蔬菜田土壤和蔬菜重金属含量状况研究

Content of Heavy Metals in Soil and Vegetables from Vegetable Land of Yongnian County

采用田间采样和室内分析相结合的方法,研究了永年县典型蔬菜种植村土壤和蔬菜重金属含量状况。结果表明:永年县蔬菜土壤Cu、Zn、Pb和Cd的平均含量以土壤含Zn量最高,其次为含Pb量和含Cu量,土壤含Cd量最低。但是均没有超过国家允许含量。村与村相比土壤Cd含量的变幅最大,其次为土壤Zn和Pb含量的变化,土壤Cu含量变幅最小。果菜类蔬菜可食部位的Cu含量高于叶菜类和根菜类。叶菜类蔬菜可食部位的Zn、Pb和Cd含量高于果菜类和根菜类。3类蔬菜可食部位重金属元素的含量均没有超过允许含量。

Content of heavy metals in soil and vegetables were studied by combining the collection of samples with laboratory analysis in typical vegetable production area of Yongnian County. The results showed that the average content order of heavy metal Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd in the soil was the Zn （highest）, Pb （normal）, Cu （normal） and Cd （lowest） . But their contents were below the criteria of environmental quality standard for soils. Compared with villages, there was the greatest variability in the contents of heavy metals such as Cd in soil, the content of Zn and Pb in soil secondly, and there was the least variability in the contents of heavy metals such as Cu in soil. The content of Cu in edible part of the fruit vegetables was higher than in leafy vegetables and root vegetables. The contents of Zn, Pb and Cd in edible part of leafy vegetables were higher than in fruit vegetables and root vegetables. The contents of heavy metals in edible part of three kind vegetables were under the permitted levels in foods.