4455名机关工作人员高血压患病流行特征及危险因素分析

Association between sociodemographic parameters and incidence of hypertension in employee of enterprises

【目的】研究机关工作人员高血压发生率、血脂水平、心电图变化，了解本地区此类人群高血压发生和流行规律。【方法】对某市政府、企、事业单位4455名（男、女分别为2314、2141人）机关工作人员进行体检，检测血压、血脂、心电图。按受检者年龄分为24—34、35—44、45—54、及55岁以上4组。【结果】（1）高血压检出率为7．11％，55岁以下年龄组男性较女性高血压发生率高，55岁以上组男、女性高血压发生率无明显差异。（2）未观察到35岁以上各组随年龄增加高血压发生呈增高趋势。（3）高血压患者中高血压病知晓率42．27％，降压治疗率为28．70％。（4）高血压与血脂异常间关系密切。（5）血压升高程度与心电图异常间关系密切。【结论】随血压增高血脂水平异常、心电图改变发生率增加，高血压患者中高血压知晓率、降压治疗率低，高血压防治工作应进一步加强。

[Objective] To ascertain the relation of incidence of hypertension, blood pressure level with plasma lipid, and electrocardiographic （ECG） findings. [Methods] A cross-sectional examination was performed in 4455 employee of enterprises of the city, and divided into 24 - 34, 35 - 44, 45 - 54 and 55 years according to their age. Incidence of hypertension and relationships of blood pressure classification to the lipid level and ECG finding were analyzed. [ Results] （1） The prevalence of hypertension was 7.11%, and blood pressure in both sexs increased with age and were generally higher in men than women under 55 years, but was similar in both sexs beyond age 55. （2） It was demonstrated that the prevalence of hypertension was not dependent with age between age 35 to beyond 55. （3） The rate of awareness of being ill with hypertension was 42.27% and the treatment rate 28.70% in general. （4） The blood pressure level was closely correlated with the higher lipid levels and abnormal ECG findings. [Conclusions] The resulls of present study reveal a close association between the blood pressure level, lipid levels and abnormal ECG finding. Rate of awareness and treatment rate are needed to raise and prevention of hypertension greatly needs to be improved and strengthened in near future.