言语听辨中的词汇提取及其对听力理解的启示

Lexical Access in Speech Perception and Its Implications for Listening Comprehension

言语听辨是心理语言学有关言语理解研究中的一个重要内容,它重点探索的是言语听辨的过程,也就是对言语声音刺激信号的确认和加工到最终理解言语内容和言语意义的过程。文章分析了影响言语听辨的两个主要因素——言语因素和非言语因素,再以言语听辨的理论模型和词汇提取的相关理论为框架,特别对Marslen-Wilson提出的交股模型进行了详细分析。而交股模型理论反映了言语自左而右的特性,这点正好与听力取词的顺序一致,从中得出了5点有效地提高听力理解效率的启示。

Speech perception is an important content of speech understanding research in psychological linguistics. Its key is to explore the process of speech perception, that is,it is a process that people identify and process the stimulus signal of sound,and finally understand the speech content and meaning. This article analyzes the two factors affecting the speech perception-speech factors and non-speech factors. Then in the frame of the relative theories of speech perception model and lexical access, it especially analyzes the Marslen-Wilson＇s Cohort Model in detail. The theory of Cohort Model indicates speech＇s feature from left to right, which coincides with the sequence of listening access. At last, it comes up with five implications for listening comprehension.