乌鲁木齐河流冰椎的形成特征及其分布

The characteristic and distribution of ice cone in the Urumqi River basin

通过对河冰椎多年系统观测，对比分析其形成和发育大致经过冰椎形成、发育、稳定、融化冻结和消亡５个阶段；出山口以上冰椎储量通常可达１７８２×１０６ｍ３，折合径流量为１５３１×１０６ｍ３；冰椎与稳定负温期的积温－ｔ℃及水源补给形式有较高的相关性。

Multi year observation on the ice cone in the Urumqi River basin indicates that the ice cone usually undergoes five stages: formation. Growth, melting freezing and decay. It is found that the ice cone is closely correlated to the steady negative accumulated temperature, seasonal ground freezing process, relative humidity of air and water source. The result may be useful to artificial regulation and utilization of the ice cone in the basin.