重新理解马克思的“上层建筑”概念

How to Explain Marx's Concept of "Superstructure"

"上层建筑"是马克思主义哲学中一个重要而复杂的概念,在对之进行讲解时应注意如下六个讲题:(1)上层建筑是一个比喻性概念;(2)上层建筑概念在马克思的哲学思想中占有重要地位;(3)上层建筑属社会存在,不属社会意识范畴;(4)上层建筑的具体形式随历史的演变而演变,其内容丰富多样;(5)上层建筑与经济基础具有内在联系,其职能是为经济基础服务;(6)把上层建筑表述为政治结构,能更好地说明它在整个社会系统中的地位。

＂Superstructure＂is an important and complicated concept in Marxist philosophy.In explaining this concept,the analysis may cover six topics：（1）superstructure is a metaphorical concept;（2）this concept occupies important position in Marx＇s philosophical ideas;（3）super-structure belongs to the category of social existence,not the category of social ideology;（4）the form of superstructure changes along with the tide of history with varying contents; （5） super-structure is closely related to the economic foundation and serves for the economic foundation; and （6） expressing superstructure within the political sturcture may best illustrate its position in the whole social system.