语言文化遗产的特性、价值与保护策略

The Characteristics,Values and Safeguarding Tactics of Linguistic Cultural Heritage

语言文化遗产保护的相关讨论与社会实践应符合国际通行的关于非物质文化遗产保护的文化观念、基本准则和工作规范。近年来社会上各种反对保护方言的观点大都基于语言首先是一种交际工具,而对其文化价值的重要性认识不足。我们应在充分认识语言文化遗产的重大保护价值和特殊属性的基础上,制定科学妥善的保护策略,尤其要处理好弱势语言保护与尊重语言持有者的自主选择意愿、生存发展利益的关系,正确认识和协调方言保护与推广普通话的关系。

From the international standard practical point of view of basic categories and work standards of the safeguarding of the intangible cultural heritage, from the crossing view point of linguistics and folklore, this article discusses several basic theoretical problems of the protection of linguistic cultural heritage. Most of the different viewpoints of opposing safeguarding of dialects are based on the viewpoint that language is a communicative tool. They underestimate the cultural value of language. We should make the scientific and appropriate protective tactics of linguistic cultural heritage based on their important protective values and characteristics, deal with the relation between the safeguarding of weak languages and the respect of language owners＇ decision and their developmental interests appropriately, and treat and coordinate the relation between the safeguarding of dialects and the popularization of Putonghua correctly.