融水木楼寨改建18年——一次西部贫困地区传统聚落改造探索的再反思

RECONSTRUCTION OF WOODEN HOUSE IN RONGSHUI FOR 18 YEARS:REFLECTION ON RECONSTRUCTION OF TRADITIONAL SETTLEMENT IN CHINA'S WESTERN POVERTY-STRICKEN AREA

本文回顾了1991年清华大学建筑学院"人与居住环境——中国民居"科研组在广西融水县安太乡整垛寨进行的一次传统干栏木楼改建探索。当时科研组帮助村民在两年内改建了全部31户木楼和公共建筑,整治了公共环境,改善了村民居住条件,促进了生态环境保护。18年后,笔者对此次实践的再反思指出:中国中西部贫困地区的传统聚落改建的关键不在于"改建",而在于"扶贫"。我们只有将其作为综合的社会系统工程,以自力更生为基础,本地经济政治资源为援助,在长时间的历史发展中逐步探索,才能真正继承并发展传统聚落的最宝贵的内在品质,建设有中国特色的现代乡村聚落。

This article reviews the reconstruction of traditional wooden houses in Zhengduo Village, Antai Country, Rongshui of Guangxi Province, which was performed by the research group （Human beings and living environment Chinese Residences） of School of Architecture, Tsinghua University in 1991. At that time, the research group helped the villagers reconstruct all 31 wooden houses and public buildings in two years, improving the public environment and living conditions and promoting the protection of the ecological environment. Eighteen years later, in the reflection of the practice, the authors point out that the key point of reconstruction of traditional settlement in China＇s western poverty-stricken area is not ＂to reconstruct＂ but ＂to relieve poverty ＂ Only if we take the reconstruction as a social system engineering and gradually investigate in it for a long time with the aid of local economic and political resources as well as the effects of local villagers, we can actually carry forward the most important inherent character of traditional settlements and develop the modern ones with Chinese characteristics.