黄河中游水利水保工程减水减沙及其对黄河下游的影响

Water and Sediment Reduction Effects through Hydraulic and Water and Soil Conservation Measures in the Middle Yellow River and Its Influence on the Lower Yellow River

本文从实测水沙量变化入手，分析探讨了黄河中游近年来水沙量变化原因及其对黄河下游河道的影响。结果表明，由于水利水保工程和气候因素的双重作用，使得近年来黄河中游地区入黄水沙量锐减，其中减水使得黄河下游河道淤积物增加并逐步细化，且使下游断流现象加剧；减沙使得黄河下游河道淤积物减少。分析后指出，多沙粒沙区必须加速治理、少沙清水区和黄河下游要节约用水，才有可能缓解黄河下游的断流和中常洪水高水位等问题。

Started with actual measured flow and sediment records, the reasons for changes of flow and sediment in the middle Yellow River in recent years and its influence on the lower channel are analyzed and studied in the paper .The results demonstraed that the sediment and water flow into the Yellow River has been reduced greaily in recent years by the effects of both climate and hydraulic and soil and water conservation measures,in which now reduction has made finer sediment silt increase and more severe of flow cut-off in the lower Yellow River channel, and sediment reduction has made decrease of silt in the channel of the fower Yellow River. It is pointed out furthermore that it is possible to alleviate the problems of flow cut-off and high water level at normal floods in the lower Yellow River only if the treatments in the coarse and overburden sediment area is speeded up, and water saving measures in the lower Yellow River and the area of clear water and lower sediment content.