高血压相关眼病

Hypertension related ophthalmocace

高血压病对眼部有一系列影响,除直接导致高血压视网膜病变(hypertensive retinopathy,HR)外,还是发生视网膜静脉阻塞(retinal vein occlusion,RVO)、视网膜动脉阻塞(ret-inal artery occlusion,RAO)、缺血性视神经病变(ischaemic optic neuropathy,ION)等其他眼部血管病变的重要危险因素,并增加糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy,DR)发生发展的危险性,而且与青光眼及年龄相关性黄斑变性(age related macular degeneration,AMD)的发病有关。全面认识血压对眼部的影响有助于更好地诊治与高血压相关的眼部疾病。本文对高血压病与这些疾病的关系展开讨论。

Hypertension has a range of effects on the eyes. Hypertensive retinopathy （HR） refers of retinal microvascular signs that are related to raising blood pressure. HR is predictive of incident stroke, congestive heart failure, and cardiovascular mortality. Hypertension is a risk factor for other retinal vascular diseases, such as retinal vein and artery occlusion （RVO, RAO）, and ischaemic optic neuropathy （ION）, and increases the risk of both development and progression of diabetic retinopathy （DR）. Adequate control of blood pressure reduces vision loss of diabetic retinopathy. Furthermore, hypertension relates to the pathogenesis of glaucoma and age - related macular degeneration （AMD）. Recognition of the ocular effects of blood pressure could allow us to better manage patients with hypertension related ophthalmocace.