氮磷钾肥配施对大豆产量的影响研究

Study on the Effect of Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilizer Combined Use for the Yield of Soybean

为了探明大豆高产施肥中氮磷钾最佳配比用量，采用“3414”肥料试验设计，通过肥料效应函数拟合，研究了氮磷钾肥不同比例配合施用对大豆产量影响。结果表明：氮磷钾肥配施用能够显著提高大豆产量，各施肥处理产量较不施肥处理增产27．9％～43．2％，在本试验条件下，氮磷钾3种肥料对大豆产量的效应函数拟合性较好，可作为大豆施肥依据。综合3类7种肥料效应函数，大豆高产推荐施肥量为：N51．0kg／hm^2、P20，127．1kg／hm^2、K2O84．8kg/hm^2，即肥料用量比例为：N：P2O5：K2O=1：2．49：1．66。

Effect of nitrogen （ N ） , phosphorus （P） and potassium （ K ） fertilizer combined use for the yield of soybean was studied in order to obtain optimum ratio of the three kind of fertilizers using ＂3414＂ fertilizer experiment design through fertilizer effect functions fitting. The result showed that ： combined use of N, P and K fertilizer could improve the yield of soybean significantly by 27.9% ～ 43.2%. Fertilizer effect functions of N, P and K to soybean yield fitting well and could be used as the basis for soybean fertilization. Combined all the seven fertilizer effect functions of three kinds obtained in this experiment, the dosage of N 51.0 kg/hm^2, P2O5127.1 kg/hm^2 and K2O 84.8 kg/hm^2 （ N ： P2O5 ： K2O = 1 ： 2.49 ： 1.66 ） was optimum ratio of the three kind of fertilizers for soybean fertilization in order to get high grain yield.