余热驱动多功能热管型吸附制冰机组的性能

Performance of a Multifunctional Heat Pipe Type Adsorption Ice Maker Machine Driven by Waste Heat

介绍一种以氯化钙/活性炭复合吸附剂和氨作为吸附工质对的多功能热管型吸附式制冰机组,该机组利用低品位余热作为驱动热源进行制冰。为了强化机组换热及防止余热腐蚀现象,采用热管技术完成吸附床的加热解吸、冷却吸附及回热过程,吸附床加热解吸时,形成以余热发生装置为热管蒸发段、以吸附床为热管冷凝段的热管型加热回路;两吸附床间回热时形成以高温解吸床为热管蒸发段、以低温吸附床为热管冷凝段的热管型回热回路:吸附床冷却吸附时,形成以吸附床为热管蒸发段、以冷却器为热管冷凝段的热管型冷却回路。在此基础上采用新回质回热循环方式对机组性能进行了研究。试验结果表明:新回质回热方式与传统回质回热方式相比,可大幅度增加机组制冷量,单位质量吸附剂制冷功率,(Specific cooling power,SCP)和性能系数(Coefficient of performance,COP)增大幅度均在17%以上:相对基本循环,传统回质回热方式可使机组COP提高43.8%,新回质回热方式可使机组COP提高幅度高达68.7%。可见采用新回质回热方式更有利于提高吸附制冰机组的工作性能。

A multifunctional heat pipe type adsorption ice maker with CaCh/activated carbon as compound adsorbent and ammonia as refrigerant is designed. Low-grade waste heat is utilized as driving heat source in this machine to make ice, and heat pipe technology is employed to enhance heat transfer and prevent the corrosion of adsorbers in the presented system. The heating, cooling and heat recovery processes between two adsorbent beds are performed by multifunctional heat pipes. The waste heat device serves as evaporator and adsorber serves as condenser during desorption process while adsorber works as evaporator and cooler works as condenser in adsorption phase, and high temperature bed serves as evaporator and low temperature bed serves as condenser during heat recovery process. The adsorption performance is investigated by introducing a novel mass and heat recovery strategy. The experimental results show that the novel strategy can obtain a higher adsorption cooling capacity compared with conventional mass and heat recovery, and the former can improve coefficient of performance （COP） and specific cooling power （SCP） by more than 17 %. In comparison with basic cycle, the COP improvements of conventional and novel mass and heat recoveries are 43.8 % and 68.7 %, respectively. The novel strategy is more beneficial to improvement of the system performance.