世界高水平足球队比赛进攻节奏的实证研究

A Positivist Research on the Match Attacking Rhythm of High Level Soccer Teams in the World

通过运用文献资料法、问卷调查法、访谈法规范研究的操作定义和观察指标,然后运用观察统计法、数理统计法,对英格兰足球队、德国足球队、巴西足球队、阿根廷足球队4支球队在2006年德国世界杯决赛阶段的各自4场比赛,总共16场比赛进行录像观察分析。通过研究得出比赛进攻速度、比赛进攻发起的场区、传球形式、传球方式、通过何种方式发起进攻这些指标能够反映比赛进攻节奏;英格兰和德国的比赛进攻节奏要快于巴西和阿根廷,这四支球队在不同的比赛比分、不同的比赛时间段都会通过各种技战术方式,根据自己的需要采取不同的比赛进攻节奏,这也是世界优秀足球队伍的特征。

The paper analyzes the results about soccer match rhythm by the methods of literature and adopts questionnaire and interview, then formalizes the definition and chooses the object of the research. Methods of mathematical statistics and observing statistics are used to analyze the match video of England, Germany, Brazil and Argentina in the 2006 World Cup Finals, 16 matches in total and 4 for each. Finally, the result is soccer matching speed, starting areas of attacking, styles of pass, kinds of pass and ways of obtaining the control of the match, all of which can describe the characters of soccer match attacking rhythm. The attacking rhythm of England football team, German football team is faster than Brazil football Argentina football team＇s. The developed football teams will control the attacking rhythm when the situation of the game and period of the game are different by different statistic and technical methods. It is also an established feature for high level competitive soccer teams in the world.