我国区域生态补偿机制下的主体功能区划研究

Major Function Oriented Zone and the Regional Eco-compensation Mechanism in China

作为国家新的区域管理模式,主体功能区划的基本原则会深化不同区域之间利益的不平衡。笔者从产业、人口迁移和公共服务支出等三个层面对不平衡性产生的机理进行阐述,进而认为主体功能区划的顺利实施必须依赖于完备的区域间利益平衡机制,而生态补偿正是这些机制中的重要内容。生态补偿是诸多具有尺度性、区域性特征的政策、手段和方法的集合,针对不同主体其操作的原则和路径是不尽相同的。因此,笔者尝试性的针对主体功能区的特点,以平衡区域间生态、环境和经济利益为目标,设计切实可行的主体功能区间的生态补偿实施路径。从区域和局地两个层面,以区域间基本公共服务均等化原则为基础,构建区域生态补偿体系,最后提出若干政策建议。

The major function oriented zone is a new development pattern illustrated by the eleventh five- year plan,and it has great significance for geography. First, it＇ s a breakthrough for geography to solve practical social problem, and second, it con- ceives important theoretical meanings for geography. This thesis initially illustrate the concept of functional region, and believe that to identify regions by its function is an innovation for the traditional region - distinguishing mode in geography and is bene- fit to its development. This thesis analyzes this issue at a basic theory scale, illustrate that, regional externality, regional structure, natural pattern and regional background are the basic geographical factors to design ecological compensation mechanism for dividing regions by main function. Finally this thesis tried to analyze the internal process of this mechanism. The system of eco - compensation should be in the pattern of equilibration in public service between governments,and then lay out some suggestions on policy.