中国东南部丹霞地貌区珍稀濒危保护物种的初步分析

The precious, rare and endangered plants and animals at the regions of Danxia landform in southeast China

根据野外调查和丹霞地貌申遗委员会提供的各丹霞地貌区的资料,中国东南部丹霞地貌区共有各类珍稀濒危保护植物178种,隶属于39科93属;其中国家重点保护植物27科,34属,41种,?级5种,Ⅱ级36种;被中国植物红皮书《中国物种红色名录》(2004)收录128种,隶属33科、77属,极危2种,濒危7种,易危65种;被《IUCN红色名录》(2006)收录的植物共14科15属17种,濒危种(EN)3种、易危种(VU)6种,极危种(CR)1种;CITES(野生动植物保护国际贸易公约)收录的有5科,46属,107种。根据国家重点保护野生动物名录(1999),国家重点保护动物71种,其中Ⅰ级重点保护10种,Ⅱ级重点保护61种;被IUCN收录85种,其中,濒危种8种,易危种20种,极危种2种,其他为低危种;CITES收录100种,隶属于14目29科,其中单目单科单种的有5种;中国动物红皮书的动物有72种,其中,濒危种(EN)7种、易危种(VU)26种,极危种(CR)1种,其他为低危种。珍稀濒危动植物资源极其丰富。通过比较可以看出,丹霞地貌区的野生重点保护植物数目高于黄山、神农架、武夷山,与三清山的相近。但从被子植物的野生重点保护植物来看,要比黄山、武夷山丰富,说明了丹霞地貌植物区系的丰富性和独特性,丹霞山可能是历史变迁过程中一个重要的避难所。

On the basis of field investigation and data of Danxia landform regions, which were provided by the committee of world heritage application, the distribution of precious, rare and dangered and Chinese unique genus of plants and animal in Danxia land- form areas were summarized. The total of all types of rare and endangered plants belonged in 39 families 93 genus 178 species. There were totally 41 species listed as the national key protected plants, among which 5 species of plants belonged to national first-grade protected, 36 species for national second-grade protected. There were 128 species listed as Chinese Dangered Plant Red Book, belonged in 33 families 77 genus, and endangrous （EN）, Vulnerable （VU） and CR respectively is 7, 65 and 2 species. There are 17 threaten plants were recorded in ＂IUCN Red List＂ （2006）, which belonged in 14 families 15 genus, endangered species （EN） 3 species, Vulnerable （VU） 6 species, and （CR） 1 species; CITES （Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species ） recorded 107 species, belonged in 5 families 46 genus. Further, according to the National key protection wild animal list （1999）, there are 71 species of animals in the key national protection, 10 species belonged to national first-grade protected ones, 61 species belonged to national second-grade protected; IUCN recorded 85 species, of which 8 species in endangered ones, 20 species in vulnerable species, and 2 species belonged to CR, and the other for low-risk; CITES recorded 100 species, belonged in 14 orders 29 families, including single order and family of 5 species; China Redbook involved in 72 species of animals, including endangered species （EN） 7 species and vulnerable （VU） 26 species, CR 1 species, the other for low-risk species. By comparison, the number of key protection of wild plants and animal is larger than the one of Huangshan, Shennongjia, Wuyishan, and the similar as Sanqingshan Mountain. And, the protected wild angiosperms is richer than ones of Huangshan, Wuyi Mount. Prolific diversity and uniqueness of Danxia landform region likely is an important refuge during the transition of history.