多年连栽香蕉园土壤养分与酶活性变化

Change of soil nutrients and enzyme activities of banana plantations after successive planting

以海南乐东和澄迈两个种植区香蕉园为例,通过采取不同种植年限(0a,1a,5a,10a和15a)香蕉园土壤,研究了连栽香蕉园土壤养分与酶活性的变化。结果表明:1)澄迈种植区土壤有机质、全氮和碱解氮含量呈现先降后升的趋势,而乐东种植区土壤有机质、全氮和碱解氮含量则呈下降趋势;2)两种植区土壤全磷、速效磷和速效钾含量随种植年限的延长而增加,呈现强烈的富集作用;3)澄迈种植区土壤过氧化氢酶、酸性磷酸酶和蔗糖酶活性呈现先降后升的趋势,与土壤有机质、全氮、全磷和碱解氮含量的变化呈现出比较一致的趋势;而乐东种植区土壤过氧化氢酶活性与有机质、全氮和碱解氮含量的变化呈现出比较一致的趋势;4)连栽香蕉园土壤蔗糖酶活性与有机质、全氮、全磷和碱解氮含量极显著相关;过氧化氢酶活性则与有机质、全氮和碱解氮含量显著或极显著相关,可见,这两种酶可以做为香蕉园土壤肥力的敏感性指标。

Change of soil nutrients and enzyme activities were studied on banana plantations with variously successive planting years （0 a, 1 a, 5 a, 10 a and 15 a ） in Ledong and Chengmai county in Hainan province. Results of the study indicated that, 1） contents of soil organic matter, total N and alkaline-hydrolyzable N increased following an initial decrease in Chengmai county, while they decreased continuously in Ledong country; 2） contents of soil total P, available P and K increased and accumulated remarkably with time in both of the studied counties; 3） activities of soil catalase, acid phosphatase and sucrase showed similar change trends as of contents of soil organic matter, total N and alkaline-hydrolyzable N, that is, decreased at first, then increase in Chengmai county, while decreased continuously in Ledong country; 4） sucrase activity correlated significantly （P〈0.01） with soil organic matter, total N, total P and alkaline-hydrolyzable N, soil catalase significantly （P〈0.01 or P〈0.05） with soil organic matter, Total N and alkaline-hydrolyzable N. Therefore, activities of soil sucrase and catalase were recommended as sensitive soil fertility indicators of banana plantation.