毛竹竹叶多糖分离与纯化技术研究

Study on Isolation and Purification Technics of Polysaccharides Extracted from Leaves of Phyllostachys pubescens

对毛竹叶采用超声波提取法获得的竹叶多糖粗提取物,采用Sevag法脱蛋白质、乙醇分级沉淀、冷冻干燥后得到粗多糖,进一步用DEAE-52纤维素柱层析、Sephadex葡聚糖凝胶柱层析等方法分离纯化。结果表明:Sevag法脱蛋白3次可脱除97.2%的蛋白质;50%浓度的乙醇沉淀多糖得率最高,为37.6%;DEAE-52纤维素柱层析柱水洗脱的得率最高,为46.4%;DEAE-52纤维素柱层析柱2次水洗脱获得的竹叶多糖经G-75柱层析和G-100柱层析可得到白色粉末状的中性多糖。选择水和NaCl溶液为洗脱剂的温和条件分离纯化多糖效果较好。

Polysaccharides were prepared from the leaves of Phyllostachys pubescens. The crude polysaccharides were extracted from the dried leaves by ultrasonic method and fractionated precipitation by 95% ethanol while the protein was removed with Savag＇s method. After being further lyophilized, these polysaccharides were purified by DEAE-52 cellulose column chromatography and Sephadex glucan gel column chromatography, respectively. The results showed that Savag＇s deprotein method can get rid of 97.2% protein with the yield of polysaccharide as high as 37.6% with 50% ethanol precipitation. The yield of polysaccharides is the highest by DEAE-52 cellulose column chromatography which can be 46.4% and the polysaccharides extracted by DEAE-52 cellulose column chromatography with twice water elution can be changed into neutral polysaccharides of white powder by G-75 column chromatography and G-100 column chromatography. Water and NaCl as elution solvent can lead to good purifying efficiency on polysaccharides.