前列腺素在胚胎着床和蜕膜化中的作用

Regulation and Function of Prostaglandins during Embryo Implantation and Decidualization

前列腺素在哺乳动物的雌性生殖过程中起着十分重要的作用。环氧合酶-2(cyclooxygenase-2,COX-2)主要在子宫着床位点处胚胎周围的基质细胞中表达,介导着床和蜕膜化过程。由COX-2和微粒体型前列腺素E合成酶-1途径来源的前列腺素E2(prostaglandin E2,PGE2)在胚胎着床和蜕膜化过程中起重要作用。子宫中产生的前列腺素I2(prostaglandin I2,PGI2)通过核受体过氧化物酶体增殖因子活化受体δ(peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorδ,PPARδ)在胚胎着床过程中起关键作用。质膜上的前列腺素转运蛋白(prostaglandin transporter,PGT)通过转运新合成的前列腺素,来满足胚胎着床和蜕膜化过程中对前列腺素的需求,并维持前列腺素的代谢平衡。

Prostaglandins are essential for mammalian female reproduction. Cyclooxygenase-2 （COX-2）, which is mainly expressed in the stromal cells surrounding the implanting blastocyst, mediates the process of implantation and decidualization. Prostaglandin E2 derived from COX-2 and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase 1 is important for implantation and decidualization. Prostaglandin I2 from uterus plays a key role in embryo implanta- tion via its nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ＆ Prostaglandin transporter in cell membrane provides the growing requirement for prostaglandins during implantation and decidualization, and maintains the metabolic balance of prostaglandins.