魏源《诗古微》论《诗经》二《南》

Wei Yuan's Study on Ernan of The Book of Songs in His Work of Shiguwei

魏源所著《诗古微》是清代《诗经》学史上阐发三家诗微言大义的一部力作。魏源重新诠释了二《南》"被文王之化"的观点,从而否定毛、郑以"后妃"、"夫人"解二《南》的迂腐之见。关于世次,魏源否定二《南》皆西周盛世乐章的说法。《诗古微》说解二《南》诗旨新颖独特,体现了二《南》的国风特色,但作为经学家固有的经学意识,魏源说诗也存在论述武断的问题。

In the academic history of Qing dynasty the book of Shiguwei written by Wei Yuan is a great work that discussed Jinwen Scholasticism on the Book of Songs. Wei Yuan reexplained the view that Ernan was deeply affected by Wenwang＇s enlightening. He thought Ernan poems were all folk songs and opposed the view that Ernan poems all described the life of imperial concubines and ladies of high rank. Wei Yuan denied that Ernan poems were totally musical compositions of Xizhou flourishing age. Wei Yuan＇s explanation approached the original meaning more than that of Mao and Zheng, and embodied the characteristics of folk rhymes. As a scholar of Jinwen Scholasticism Wei Yuan had a strong scholasticistic consciousness but his study on the Book of Songs contains some mistakes.