发展失衡、公共服务与政府责任--基于政府偏好和政府效率视角的分析

Unbalanced Development,Public Services and Government Responsibility——An Analysis Based on Government Preference and Government Efficiency

发展失衡是当前中国经济社会运行中的突出问题,一般认为其直接原因是公共服务的提供不足,症结在于政府责任的缺失。通过区分"发展阶段型"和"政府责任型"失衡形态,可以发现,公共服务供求双方的因素共同导致了中国经济发展失衡问题的集中爆发,发展阶段型失衡和政府责任型失衡的混合形态是中国当前发展失衡的本质属性。中国经济转轨时期的体制制约了政府的效率,并导致了政府行为的偏差,是当前发展失衡的根本症结所在。因此,改变中国发展失衡现状的途径,不应仅仅要求政府在公共服务领域承担更多责任,更应立足体制转轨背景,加快变革引致政府行为偏差的体制性因素。

Unbalanced development is a prominent issue in the present operation of society and the economy in China. It is generally believed that a shortage of public services is directly responsible for this problem and that the crux of the issue is the absence of government responsibility. If one distinguishes between two types of unbalanced development, the "development stage" type and the "government responsibility" type, it becomes clear that factors related to both the supply of and demand for public services have together produced the present eruption of unbalanced economic development in China. The combination of the two types is the essential character of our present unbalanced development. Our economic transition period system has constrained government efficiency and misdirected government behavior, so it is the fundamental crux of the current problem of unbalanced development. To solve this problem, it will be necessary not only to require that the government assume more responsibility for public services, but also, more importantly, to carry out a speedy reform of the systemic factors that gave rise to this deviation in government behavior against the background of China's institutional transformation.