紫草不同提取物抗炎及抑菌作用实验研究

Experimental Study on the Anti-inflammatory and Antibacterial Effects of Different Extracts from Lithospermum erythrorhizon

目的探讨紫草不同浓度的醇提物和水提物体内抗炎作用和体外抑菌作用。方法采用Kirby-Baue纸片扩散法,测定紫草不同浓度的醇提物及水提物对金黄色葡萄球菌、奇异变形杆菌、大肠杆菌、白色念珠球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、无乳链球菌、福氏Ⅱ型杆菌的抑制效果。采用二甲苯致小鼠耳部肿胀法,测定紫草不同浓度的醇提物和水提物的抗炎作用。结果①与阳性对照比较:在各种不同提取物中,80%的乙醇提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌、福氏Ⅱ型杆菌、无乳链球菌的抑制作用达到最强,抑菌圈直径分别为(11.17±1.26)、(10.33±1.54)和(18.67±2.08)mm,其中对无乳链球菌的抑制作用接近阳性对照药红霉素[红霉素的抑菌圈直径为(19.67±1.52)mm];50%乙醇提取物和20%乙醇提取物的抑菌作用相对较弱。水提物对白色念珠球菌有较好的抑制作用,抑菌直径为(7.83±0.29)mm;各种提取物对大肠杆菌均无抑制作用。②紫草提取物的抗炎作用与浓度呈正相关;紫草醇提物ZCE-I(含生药0.06g/ml)、ZCE-II(含生药0.03g/ml)的抑制率分别为68.91%(P<0.01)和15.87%(P<0.05),而紫草水提物ZCW-I(含生药0.15g/ml)和ZCW-II(含生药0.06g/ml),是醇提物ZCE-I和ZCE-II的生药量的2.5倍和2倍,但抑制率仅为17.08%(P<0.05)和0.58%(P>0.05),是ZCE-I和ZCE-II抑制率的25%和0.04%;说明紫草醇提物的抗炎效果好于水提物的抗炎效果。结论紫草不同浓度的醇提物和水提物具有较强的抗炎抑菌作用;首次通过实验阐明了紫草抑菌作用的活性部位及抑菌强度。

Objective To study the anti - inflammatory effects （ in vivo ） and antibacterial effects （ in vitro ） of different concentration ethanol and water extracts from Lithosperrnum erythrorhizon. Methods Kirby - Bauer paper dispersion method was adopted to determine the antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Pseudomonas acruginosa ,Streptococcus agalactiae, Shigella flexneri Ⅱ. The method of xylene -induced ear swelling in mice was used to determine the anti - inflammatory effects of different ethanol and water extracts. Results ①Compared with the positive control, the 80% ethanol extract showed the best antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella flexneri Ⅱ and Streptococcus agalactiae, the antibacterial diameters were 11.17 ± 1.26mm, 10.33 ± 1.54mm and 18.67 ± 2.08mm, of which for anti - Streptococcus agalactiae effect was approach to the positive control drug erythromycin（ the antibacterial diameter of erythromycin is 19.67 ± 1.52mm）. The anti - inflammatory effects of the 50% ethanol and 20% ethanol extracts were weak relatively. The water extract had better anti - Candida albicans effect, the antibacterial diameter was 7.83 ± 0.29mm. Every kind of extracts had inefficacy on Escherichia coll. ②The anti - inflammatory effect of extracts was positive correlated with concentration. The inhibitory rate of ethanol extracts ZCE - Ⅰ （ dosage 0.06g/ml） , ZCE - Ⅱ （ dosage 0.03 g/ml ） were 68.91% （ ^＊ ＊ P 〈 0.01 ） and 15.87 % （ ^＊ P 〈 0.05 ） , the dosages of water extracts（ ZCW - I/dosage 0.15g/ml, ZCW - Ⅱ/dosage 0.06g/ml） ） were 2.5 and 2 times of ethanol extracts, but the inhibitory rate were 17.08% （^ ＊ P 〈0.05 ）and 0.58% （P 〉0.05 ） ,was 25% and 0.04% of the inhibitory rate of ZCE - Ⅰ and ZCE - Ⅱ ; showing that the anti - inflammatory of the ethanol extracts are better than the water extracts. Conclusion The ethanol and water extracts from Lithospermum erythrorhizon have strong anti - inflammatory and antibacterial effects. It is the first time that the antibacterial effective part and strength of Lithosperrnum erythrorhizon is elucidated through the experiments.