全身麻醉药对树突棘发育的影响

Effects of general anesthetics on development of dendritic spines

树突棘是中枢神经系统神经元树突上的微小突起,是形成突触的部位,其接受外界刺激,将信号传入胞体,是突触可塑性的形态学基础。树突棘的形态和功能密切相关,其形态受很多因素的影响。老年人和小儿使用全身麻醉药后出现行为学和认知障碍的比例较高,因此很有必要了解全麻药的突触作用机制。文章就树突棘的基本结构和全麻药对其影响作一综述。

Dendritic spines, which form the base of synaptic plasticity, are small protrusions that receive excitatory synaptie input and compartmentalize postsynaptie responses. There is close relationship between morphology and funetion for dendritic spines, which is influenced by many factors. Due to the high prevalence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in the elders and children after general anesthesia, it is necessary to understand the synaptic mechanism of general anesthetics. This paper introduces the structure, morphogenesis and plasticity of spines, and discusses the effects of general anesthetics on them.