汶川县映秀镇抗震救灾部队营地苍蝇密度、分布及其控制

Density,distribution and control of flies in the camps of earthquake-rescue troops in Yingxiu Town of Wenchuan County

目的:明确驻汶川映秀镇部队营区的苍蝇密度及其分布规律,为有针对性杀虫以降低消化道传染病隐患提供依据。方法:以汶川映秀镇铁军、武警和红军部队营区为研究对象,以空间代表性和均匀性为原则在各营区内选择检测点,以粘蝇板为材料,在不同天气及干预条件下计数白天8h(上午8:00到下午16:00)粘蝇板上的苍蝇个数,并通过非参数检验和配对t检验进行统计分析。结果:映秀镇各个部队营区苍蝇密度分布显著不同。苍蝇主要集中在厨房、临时厕所和垃圾场的附近区域。气温较高的晴天比气温较低的阴天苍蝇多。针对重点区域采用溴氰菊酯灭蝇有显著效果,短期内未发现苍蝇耐药现象。结论:救灾部队营地周围环境是导致帐篷内苍蝇密度增加的根本原因,营地厨房的卫生环境差也吸引苍蝇,针对临时厕所和垃圾处理点进行杀虫措施能显著降低帐篷内苍蝇密度,但必须注意避免过度杀虫造成生态恶化。

Objective：To determine the density and distribution of flies in military camps in Yingxiu Town of Wenchuan County,and provide evidences for pertinent disinsection to reduce the incidence of food-borne infectious diseases. Methods： The densities of flies in camps of the Iron Army,Armed Police Forces and the Red Army were determined using trap glue boards. Sites of sampling were selected according to spacial representativeness and homogeneity. The numbers of flies caught on the boards were counted after a period of 8 h （from 8：00 AM-16：00 PM） in different climate conditions. Non parameters test and paired Student t test were used for statistical analysis. Results： The densities of fly distribution were significantly different between the 3 camps. The flies concentrated in the kitchen areas,temporary restrooms,and garbage dumping grounds. More flies were found in the hot,sunshine weather than in the cool,cloudy weather. Insecticide chlordimeform was very effective in controlling the flies. Insecticide-resistance was not observed. Conclusion： The deteriorating environment around the camps is the major reason for the increased density of flies in the camps. The poor sanitation condition is also a reason for increase of flies. Selective spray of insecticides in these specific sites, like temporary restrooms and rabbish dumping grounds, can effectively reduce the density of flies in the tents; attention should be paid to avoid ecology deterioration caused by over disinsection.