干扰方式对典型草原土壤理化性质的影响

Effects of Disturbance Ways on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties

在内蒙古太仆寺旗典型草原开展不同干扰方式对土壤理化性质影响的比较研究,结果表明:放牧地与季节性封育草地土壤的容重显著高于割草地(P<0.05),而含水量显著低于割草地(P<0.05),分析原因为放牧对草地土壤具有明显的压实作用,从而增加土壤的容重,降低土壤对水分的渗透与蓄积能力;季节性封育草地土壤的有机质、全N、全P、全K、速效P、速效K含量显著高于放牧地与割草地,说明目前普遍采用的长期重度放牧利用及连年割草利用都不利于土壤肥力的蓄积及草地资源的可持续利用,而季节性围封禁牧的管理方式能促进家畜粪便的归还及地表凋落物的分解,有利于土壤肥力的增加,但围封时间段的选择有待进一步研究。

The effects of different disturbance ways on soil physics and chemical properties .were researched on the typical steppe of Taipusi, Inner Mongolia. The results showed： the soil bulk of grazing and seasonal exclosure grassland was obviously higher than that of mowing grassland（P〈0.05）, but the moisture content was on the contrary（P〈0. 05）. The reason is press effect of grazing, thus the soil bulk was inceased and the ability of infiltration and accumulation was reduced. The content of soil organic matter, to- tal N, total P, total K, available P and available K in seasonal exclosure grassland was obviously higher than that in the grazing grassland and mowing grassland. It showed that the two utilization manners, heavy grazed and mowing in successive years, were bad to grassland resource and fertility accumulation for sustainable utilization. The management of seasonal exclosure can promote livestock excrementitious recession and decompose litter on soil surface and increase soil fertility. The choice of exclosure date and duration should be investigated further.