菜花状纳米氧化锌的溶剂热合成及气敏性能研究

Solvent-thermal Synthesis and Gas Sensitivity of Cauliflower-like ZnO Nanomaterial

以Zn(NO3)2.6H2O和NaOH为原料,采用溶剂热合成技术制备了菜花状氧化锌纳米粉体,采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和X-射线光电子能谱仪等对产物的物相、微观形貌和表面元素状态进行了表征,结果表明产物属于六方晶系的ZnO,呈规则的菜花状,分散性好,粒径90～100 nm,粉体表面存在大量的吸附氧。用该粉体制成厚膜型旁热式气敏元件,测试结果发现:在加热电压为6 V时气敏元件对甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、丙酮、苯和甲苯等还原性气体具有较高的灵敏度,特别是对正丙醇、丙酮有较好的选择性,可以检测浓度低至1μL.L-1的乙醇、正丙醇和丙酮。

Solvent-thermal technique was used to synthesize cauliflower-like ZnO nanopowders with Zn（NO3）2·6H2O and NaOH as the raw materials.The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction（XRD）,scanning electron microscope（SEM） and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）.The results showed that the products belonged to hexagonal crystal cell and were uniform with the size of 90～100 nm.There are large quantity adsorbed oxygen on the surface of ZnO.It′s thick film-type gas sensor was prepared and the gas sensitivities were evaluated.The sensor based on cauliflower-like ZnO exhibited high responses to methanol,ethanol,1-propanol,acetone,benzene and toluene at working voltage of 6 V,especially showed a good selectivity and low detection limits to 1-propanol and acetone.It is important to note that the sensor could detect ethanol,1-propanol and acetone of 1 μL·L^-1.