黄花草木樨提取物抑菌活性初探

Antifungal Activities of the Extracts from Melilotus officinalis(Linn.) Desr

采用离体和活体试验方法分别测定了黄花草木樨不同溶剂提取物对12种植物病原真菌的抑菌活性.结果表明:各溶剂提取物对12种植物病原真菌均具有不同程度的抑菌活性,其中以乙酸乙酯提取物的抑菌活性最高,对油菜菌核病菌、玉米大斑病菌和白菜黑斑病菌抑制菌丝生长的EC50分别为0.62、0.83、0.64g/L,对稻瘟病菌和玉米大斑病菌抑制孢子萌发的EC50分别为0.67、0.97g/L.离体组织法测定表明其乙酸乙酯提取物对番茄灰霉病菌具有较高的保护和治疗作用,在浓度为5.0g/L时,防治效果分别为75.41%和59.18%(6d).活体试验表明乙酸乙酯提取物对小麦白粉病和小麦条锈病也有一定的保护作用,在浓度为10.0g/L时,防治效果分别为73.39%和63.27%.

The antifungal activity of the different extracts of Melilotus officinalis was tested against 12 plant pathogenic fungi in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that the antifungal activity of ethylacetate extract of M. offcinalis was higher than that of other extracts. The mycelial growth EC50 values against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Exserohilum turcicum and Alternaria brassicae were 0.62,0. 83 and 0. 64 g/L respectively. The spore germination EC50 value against Pyricularia oryzae and Exserohilum turcicum were 0.67 g/L and 0.97 g/L, respectively. In addition, protective effect and therapeutic effect of ethylacetate extract against the B. cinerea were 75.41% and 59.18% （6 d） on tomato at the concentration of 5.0 g/L,respectively. The protective effect of ethylacetate extract against the Erysiphe graminis and Puccinia striiformis were 73.39% and 63.27% respectively on wheat in potted at 10.0 g/L.