具体存在何以可能?——论科西克的辩证法观

How to Realize Existence of the Concrete?——Study on Kosik's View about Dialectics

辩证法是什么?辩证法的合理形态是怎样的?捷克新马克思主义哲学家科西克在他的著作《具体的辩证法》中,系统地阐述了对这些问题的理解。他将自己的辩证法称为"具体的辩证法",这种辩证法的批判锋芒直指由资本主义生产方式造成的人的"抽象"的生存状况;它所要揭示的,是人类超越资本的统治、实现"具体存在"也就是"人的全面发展"的现实道路。在科西克看来,这一目标的实现是一个"从抽象上升到具体"的过程。

What is dialectics？ And what is the reasonable form of dialectics？ Kosik, a Neo -Marxist philoso- pher in Czech, put forward his viewpoint in his book ＂Dialectics of the Concrete＂. In his opinion, dialectics of the concrete criticizes the living conditions of human caused by capitalist mode of production, that is, domi- nated by ＂abstract＂, and it reveals the real way that people surmount ＂abstract＂ and realize ＂existence of the concrete＂, i.e. ＂the all - round human development＂. Kosik regarded it as a process ＂from abstract to con- crete＂.