中国巴氏奶 如何再发展

China pasteurized milk, how to redevelop?

巴氏奶（英文称之为Fresh milk）是巴氏杀菌奶（或巴氏杀菌乳）的简称。是法国微生物学家、化学家巴斯德（louis Pasteur，1822—1895）于1863年在科学实验研究微生物过程中所发明的利用72至76摄氏温度，其受热时间为15秒，利用低温热力将牛奶中的大部分有害微生物（如布氏杆菌、结核杆菌、痢疾杆菌、伤寒杆菌等，但芽孢不能被彻底杀死）杀灭所生产出的一种牛奶产品。

<Abract>Pasteurization is the process of heating liquids for the purpose of destroying bacteria, protozoa, molds, and yeasts which has been applied to milk for about 145 years. Un-like sterilization, pasteurization is not intended to kill all micro-organisms (pathogenic) in the food or liquid. Instead, pasteurization aims to achieve a 'Logarithmic reduction' in the number of viable organisms, reducing their number so they are unlikely to cause disease (assuming the pasteurized product is refrigerated and consumed before its expiration date). Commercial-scale sterilization of food is not common because it adversely affects the taste and quality of the product. Due to the advantages in freshness and nutrients maintaining, pasteurized milk is worldwide popular and dominates the market in most countries. In China, pasteurized milk had 70% market share before 2000, but greatly fell down to 30% in the next 5 years. In the face of challenges from yoghurt and UHT milk, pasteurized milk producers encounter great difficulties. However, based on the experience and expectation of global milk comsumption, pasteurized milk is still a market trend, even it is challenged in China, it still has considerable potential. The work we ought to do can be summarised as following: Firstly, the entire industry should realise the potential and importance of pasteurized milk. Secondly, consumer education is essential, especially milk has not become main food on the dining table in China. Milk consumption is still restricted by traditional diet habit and purchasing power. With the help of activities such as International Milk Day, consumers acquire more knowledge about pas-teurized milk, which is significant to promote the industry developing. School milk project also provide an opportunity for pas-teurized milk industry. Pasteurized milk is appointed for school milk project in China. Considering that there are about 250 millions students in elementary and middle schools, it is indeed an enormous market. In addition, the industry revival not only depends on market demand, but also continuous technology development.