中国玉米加工业生产率增长、技术进步与效率变化--以4个玉米主产省为例

Increase of Productivity Rate,Technical Progress and Change of Efficiency in China’s Maize Processing Industry

本文采用基于DEA的Malmquist生产率指数分析方法,运用玉米加工业的省际面板数据,分析中国玉米加工业增长过程中全要素生产率(TFP)的变动状况,并将其分解为技术进步和技术效率,进而分解为技术进步、纯技术效率和规模效率。结果表明,1998～2005年,中国玉米加工业中淀粉及其制品制造业、饲料加工业、酒精制造业和白酒制造业的TFP年均增长率分别为22%、13.3%、23.7%和7.7%,这充分说明,近年来中国玉米加工业发展迅速;玉米加工业各子行业的技术进步和技术效率的年均增长率均为正值,但技术效率增长缓慢,技术进步构成推进TFP增长的主要因素。

This paper utilized the panel data in the maize processing industry in different provinces and DEA-Malmquist Index to analyze the change of Total Factor Productivity (TFP) during the growth of china’s maize industry. It divided TFP into technical progress and technical efficiency and further into technical progress,pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency. The research results show that in china’s maize processing industry,the asylums related products’ industry,feed processing industry,alcohol producing industry and wine producing industry’s TFP are 22%、13.3%、23.7 and 7.7% respectively,which indicate that china maize processing industry is developing fast in the recent years; The annual growth rate of technical progress and technical efficiency of the sub-industries of maize processing industry are all above zero,while the growth of technical efficiency is slow,technical progress is the main factor contributes to the increase of TFP.