ALSTOM气化炉的分散PID控制

Decentralized PID control for ALSTOM gasifier

针对ALSTOM气化炉的非线性、多变量动态特性,提出了2种基于常规PID控制器的气化炉多变量控制方案.方案1首先通过相对增益矩阵分析法确定气化炉输入变量与输出变量之间的关联程度,然后确定多变量控制方案;而方案2是对国外学者提出的一种不能满足全部测试要求的方案的改进.对2种控制方案进行了详细的多工况仿真测试,测试结果表明:方案1只要在适当放宽煤量改变速率限制的情况下,不仅可以满足ALSTOM气化炉的基准测试要求,而且各项控制指标均优于方案2;方案2能严格满足各项基准测试要求,但系统总的动态控制品质逊于方案1.与许多复杂控制算法如模型预测控制不同,控制方案基于常规PID控制,便于工程实现,对工业应用具有更好的指导意义.

According to the strong nonlinearity and multivariable characteristics of the ALSTOM gasifier, two multivariable conventional proportional-integral-derivative （PID） controller-based control schemes are proposed. Scheme 1 is derived after the cross coupling is determined using relative gain array analysis. Scheme 2 is an improvement upon the predecessor＇s work which could not meet all the specifications. The extensive simulations on different operating points show that with the coal feed constraint relaxed to some extent, scheme 1 can meet all the specifications of the benchmark problem, its control performance is better than that of scheme 2. And scheme 2 can strictly meet all the specifications of the benchmark test but the performance is not as good as that of scheme 1. Unlike the previously proposed complex control algorithms （such as model predictive control）, these two schemes adopt the traditional PID control algorithm which can be easily implemented in practice, thus, providing better guidelines to the industrial applications.