苏区社会变迁中的非正式制度分析——基于对宗族改造的反思

Informal System Analysis in Social Changes of the Soviet Area——Based on the Reconsideration about the Transformation to the Patriarchal Clan

当乡村作为革命的嚆矢时,宗族被视为革命的羁绊而成为打击对象。在其后苏区的社会整合中,中共力图通过基层政权建设使宗族走向国家。然而考察苏区整个历史变迁过程,农民的宗族意识并没有完全消除,宗族势力还时隐时现,且在苏区沦陷后很快又得以恢复。通过对宗族改造的考察,我们发现,在社会变迁过程中,产生于自然经济基础之上的文化传统、意识形态等非正式制度具有巨大的弹性,要消弭其对社会发展的消极影响,需要一个长期的、连续的冲击。

When the village becomes the source area of revolutionary, the patriarchal clan is regarded as the fetters of the revolution and becomes the target for attack, and in thereafter social integration of the Soviet Area, the CPC tries hard through the basic unit of political power construction to cause the patriarchal clan to move toward the country. However, investigating whole historical change process of Soviet Area, we find the consciousness of farmers＇ patriarchal clan has not been eliminated completely, patriarchal clan influence also appears and disappears from time to time, and restore after the Soviet Area fall into the enemy. Through the investigation we find that in the social change process, informal systems has huge elasticity such as cultural tradition, ideology resulting from natural economic base, etc. Dispelling its negative influence on social development, a long- term, continuous impact will be needed.