贾开宗《秋兴八首偶论》考辨

Jiakaizong and His The Analysis of Eight Poems of Autumn

清初贾开宗的《秋兴八首偶论》是杜诗学史上第一部专论杜诗《秋兴八首》的著作。该书首次较为明确地指出《秋兴八首》的文学渊源,并将这一组诗作为一个整体进行论析,在论析中体现出较强的体系性和系统性。贾开宗还将比附经典的论诗方法贯穿了对整个组诗的解析,表现出较明显的经学倾向。此外,他在解诗中倾注了个人怀才不遇的感慨和对国家倾覆的悲叹,有借杜诗之杯酒,浇自己之块垒的意味。不过贾开宗解杜有时求之过深,时有穿凿之处。总之,该书论析透辟,新见叠出,具有鲜明的个性风格,其论杜特色和文献价值应引起治杜诗学史者的关注。

Jiakaizong＇ s book, The Analysis of Eight Poems of Autumn, is the first work that specially elaborates Du Fu＇ s poems in Du Fu poetry history. This book points out the literature origin of eight poems of autumn for the first time, regards them as a whole, and embodies stronger systematic characteristics. There is more obvious tendency in Jiakaizong＇ s discuss, that is the comparison of Du Fu＇ s poems and the classics mutually. In addition, he has poured the strong feeling in his explanation, such as his unrecognized talent and the sadness of his perished country. In brief, the book has many new opinions and individuality style, so it should cause scholars＇ attention.